Đáp án C

Có các quá trình diễn ra tại các điện cực khi điện phân:

Khi cho X vào dung dịch NaOH ở nhiệt độ thường:

PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{208\cdot10\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot98}{8\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,1\cdot233=23,3\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{BaSO_4}=307,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{307,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,38\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 5,6 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 105,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152}{105,4}.100\%\approx14,42\%\)

Bài 10:

- Giả sử có 100 gam dd H₂SO₄ 98%

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.98}{100}=98\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{dd.H_2SO_4.98\%}=\dfrac{100}{1,84}=\dfrac{1250}{23}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{5}{92}\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4.98\%\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{5}{92}}=18,4M\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=18,4.0,05=0,92\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,92.98=90,16\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4.10\%}=\dfrac{90,16.100}{10}=901,6\left(g\right)\)

Bài 11:

a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau

=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)

Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

             a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a

            Zn + H₂SO₄ --> ZnSO₄ + H₂

             b----->b--------->b----->b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 171a = 161b 

=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)

Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)

b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)

(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)

=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)